What are typical errors and solutions for corruptions on lower layers?

ERROR:-    Wrong checksum: Calculated <calc_checksum>, stored <act_checksum>.; $lpno$=<log_pageno>; $ppno$=<phys_pageno>

Details:- 

SAP HANA calculates checksums for pages written to disk using the CRC32 algorithm.

global.ini -> [persistency] -> checksum_algorithm = CRC32

Whenever a page is read from disk the checksum of the page is calculated and compared with the stored checksum. In case of a discrepancy the "wrong checksum" error is thrown and the action terminates.

Solution to the Above error is:-

A physical block corruption usually doesn't propagate via system replication. Therefore if you have system replication in place, switch to the secondary side.

If problem is linked to persistence of standalone statistics server: reinitialization of the statisticsserver (SAP Note1950221).

The same procedure can be used for corruptions in the persistence of the xsengine (SAP Note 1697613) when no actual data is stored there.

If the above options are not possible, restore a good backup and perform a complete restore.