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Devops Interview Questions and Answers

Updated Aug 13, 2019

What is DevOps?

DevOps is a new emerging software development practice that combines both the development and the operations team to produce the code faster. This increases the application development and deployment, leading to better software products and satisfying customer requirements.

It helps to enhance the communication between the members of the software development team.

What are the core operations of DevOps?

The core operations of DevOps are:

Application development

  • Code coverage
  • Unit testing
  • Code building
  • Packaging
  • Deployment

Infrastructure

  • Provisioning
  • Configuration
  • Deployment
  • Orchestration  

What are the benefits of automation in DevOps?

Automation in DevOps has the following benefits:

  • Faster deployment
  • Reduced errors or bugs
  • Reduction in the lead time
  • Increased deliveries
  • More releases of products
  • Better and faster feedback

What is artifactory in DevOps?

Artifactory is used to incorporate the delivery tools that support the continuous integration process. It gives the entire development team the power to manage the entire architecture.

It prevents the failure of networks because as long as one of the Artifactory nodes are operational the system can work. The system maintenance tasks can be done through the support of Artifactory.

What is DevOps methodology?

The DevOps methodology reduces the steps for the software development lifecycle by bringing together the development and operations team. It increases the quality of the software by reducing the chances of bugs and errors.

This concept enhances the process of software testing by combining the operations and development teams.

What is a puppet in DevOps?

Puppet is a configuration management tool used for deployment and server management. It is also used for scaling up and scaling down machines.

They are also used for analyzing and confirming the configuration settings of the host. With the help of SSL, the puppet uses a master and slave architecture. It can manage multiple servers and help in managing the code.

What is continuous deployment in DevOps?       

The continuous deployment is the process through which the software code and updates are released for production in small parts. This makes it easier for the software to be released at any time.

Here the code that is newly developed by the testing team is put through automation testing and manual testing. The primary aim of the deployment process is development, testing and releasing the code to the end-user at a faster rate.

What role does source control play in DevOps?

Source control in DevOps allows the developers to monitor the infrastructure and application modifications in the code. This helps in the development of the software and reducing the errors in the code.

Using source control enhances the testing process also. It stores the history of the various modifications and supports the changes.

Mention some of the best tools used in DevOps?

The best tools in DevOps are:

  • Jenkins
  • Ansible
  • Docker
  • Kubernetes
  • Gradle

What is automation in DevOps?    

Automation is the main principle on which DevOps is based on. All the functionalities like continuous testing, integration, performance monitoring and deployment are automated.

It is used for creating real-time reports that provide a consolidated view of the entire project. This helps in monitoring all aspects of the product to be delivered.

What is a chef in DevOps?

The chef is a configuration management tool used \for setting up physical servers, virtual machines, application deployment, and infrastructure configuration. When problems such as infrastructure scaling up rapidly, the Chef treats it as a code to handle the configurations of the different servers.

Instead of changing the configurations manually, the setup is defined in the Chef recipe. The Chef development kit allows developers to define the chef infrastructure from any system or platform.

Explain orchestration in DevOps?

Orchestration and automation support the application development process. Orchestration looks to standardize the automation processes of DevOps. It uses a script based tool for deploying and connecting an application.

It helps the entire team to reduce the burden of the It operations like management, coordination, preparing standardized processes to reduce application running time, etc. it streamlines the entire workflow.

Explains Dockers and How docker helps Devops?

Docker is an open-source application that allows the developers to create and deploy their apps using a container. It allows the programmer to develop, execute and pack the software with all the requirements like dependencies and libraries.

It is used at the deployment stage so that the packed application can be run in any environment and system setting.

What is the difference between agile and DevOps?

The difference between agile and DevOps are given below:

Agile

DevOps

It is used to manage complicated projects in software development.

It is used to manage the entire workflow of the development life cycle.

The primary aim is to facilitate software development.

The primary aim is to speed up the delivery process and better end-to-end business solutions.

Here, the feedback is collected from the customer.

Here, the feedback is obtained from the development team.

It focuses on constant modifications.

It focuses on testing the code and delivery.

It requires a small team.

It requires a larger team involving all the different stakeholders.

It can be implemented through frameworks like Scrum and Sprint.

It does not have a common framework.

Not much emphasis on Automation.

Automation is the core of DevOps.

What is TFS in DevOps?

Team foundation server is a tool used for testing applications and end-to-end development. It uses tools like Version Control, Project planning, Work Item Management to achieve the tasks.

It helps in requirements management, release management, lab management and source code management.

How to implement DevOps in mainframe?

To implement DevOps for the mainframe the first steps is to conduct an assessment about the current situation of the team or product life cycle, whether it is able to integrate DevOps.

Based on the assessment the status is figured. The mainframe has to be developed also.

Which scripting language is best for DevOps and Why?     

The best scripting language for DevOps is Python because it is not complicated. It reduces the code complexity problems, improves the maintenance of the product and helps to monitor tools such as Salt and Ansible. Developers can make private and public cloud infrastructure through the option of OpenStack.

Other languages that also can be used are Javascript, Go, C++, Ruby.

How is GIT useful for DevOps?

GIT is very important as it acts as a repository where the entire code of the project is stored. As different versions of the codebase are stored by the developers in the GIT Shared repository, the SDLC workflow is maintained.

It is very helpful in continuous testing and deployment of the product.

What is monitoring and types of monitoring?

Monitoring is performed in the Manage phase of the DevOps life cycle, where the IT infrastructure, cloud and hybrid systems are analyzed. It ensures the proper functioning of the application.

The different types of monitoring are:

  • Service monitoring
  • System performance monitoring
  • Hardware monitoring
  • Third-party integration monitoring
  • System security control and audit
  • Dependency monitoring

Explain DevOps Toolchain.

The DevOps toolchain that helps in management, development, and deployment of applications in the SDLC.


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